Showing posts with label training program. Show all posts
Showing posts with label training program. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 19, 2007

What it takes? TR*


As I approach the end of the second build cycle with my new Cadence coach I thought I would take the opportunity to briefly cover the bigger picture stuff relating to the sport of Triathlon. How much commitment does it really take and what effect does it have on your home life balance?

I like things simple so I see triathletes as falling into one of four broad categories:

1. At one end you have those who are doing triathlon purely for fun or to see if they can finish an event. These people are often starting out from a low level of fitness or perhaps coming back from a medical problem. Often these people will stick to sprint events and may possibly do an Olympic distance but rarely do half ironman or ironman distances. They may not have the time or inclination to join a club and will often fit in training as and when they can, perhaps relying on some previous experience in one of the disciplines to carry them through a race.

If you know how to swim and ride a bike you do not need to put in a lot of training to compete in Triathlon. In the few shorter distance races I have done there are plenty of people just there to have a good time. It is probably sensible to make sure that you can cycle and swim the race distance before you start but you do not have to put in any serious training. I was really surprised at my first race just how relaxed the atmosphere was and triathlon can be really fun. As for owning a decent bike I saw all sorts of bikes out on the course including mountain bikes and even a folding bike. Bottom line is almost anyone can do a triathlon for fun without it taking up much of your free time or involving any serious commitment as long as you are just content to finish.

2. The second class of triathlete is where I would have placed myself this year. I was relatively fit compared to the national average but I did not have any endurance sport or racing experience. I had cycled to work fairly regularly on a road bike but I hardly ever swam and only jogged for 20 min or so at a time. I wanted to try the sport and was prepared to put in a significant amount of time and effort in order to race rather than just finish. I invested in a Tri bike part way through the season and I also invested in tri shoes, a new helmet and triathlon clothing. I probably trained about 10 hours a week. 1 hour run Monday lunch, 1 hour swim Tuesday lunch (sometimes a 45 min cycle in the evening), 45 min run Wednesday lunch (fast intervals), 1 hours swim Thursday lunch, rest day Friday, long run Saturday morning (anywhere from 1 to 3 hours) and a long cycle on Sunday (anywhere from 1.5 to 4.5 hours). I would also do two 1 hour weight/abs sessions a week. The long runs and cycles at the weekend were almost always complete by lunch except for one or two of the very long cycles, 80-90 miles (not many of these) leaving the rest of the weekend free.

I know not everyone is lucky enough to be able to do their training at lunch but if you do it in the morning you can still keep your evenings free. Luckily for me my wife was prepared to entertain herself most evenings which allowed me to complete the first ¼ of a law degree this year whilst still training and working. This level of commitment does require ‘buy in’ from your partner, if you are not single, especially I would imagine if you have kids. You do not have any spare time although if I didn’t do my degree studies we would have had most evenings to ourselves or could have gone out.

N.B. those people who train before work normally sacrifice most evenings as they still need to get their sleep and are often in bed for 9pm.

You also spend most weekends training or racing. I was prepared to blow off the occasional weekend to go traveling with my wife (you can still normally squeeze in a run without ruining the weekend) and I would still go on holiday for 1 week at a time, just getting in training where I could. By sticking to a periodized training plan I had a successful racing season and achieved everything I wanted to and even managed to secure a couple of medals. I could finish in the top five in the small races and perhaps in the top 20-30 of the bigger races. My body was never overly taxed and the only time I felt fatigued was after the first month or two of long rides which I was not used to.

3. The third class of triathlete is were I see myself at the moment. I train an extra 5-6 hours on top of what I was doing before and will train more regularly in the evenings (Tues and Thu). I also do not get Saturday afternoon off as I now have a medium cycle in addition to my longish run and a Yoga and Strength session. My Sunday ride is unchanged. I now do 3 weeks of build before I have a rest week as opposed the 2 weeks of build, 1 week of recovery I was doing before.

I am also sticking more rigidly to the workouts as I know I have to try and compete at an Ironman in the not too distant future and that lots of people are going to see how I am doing. I am less likely to skip a weekend to go on a trip and I require more support/understanding from my wife when it comes to the lack of social life. I listen to ‘Ironman Talk’ podcast and on one of the recent episodes Coach John Newsom said that you could do 3 ‘things’ comfortably and I think that is true at the moment. You can for example work full time, train and recover but that is it. If you introduce another element like an active social life then one of the other 3 will suffer. The big difference for me moving from level 2 to 3 is that I now feel like I have to actively recover. I am noticeably more tired than I was before and will find myself falling asleep in front of the telly at about 9pm especially on a Saturday night (party on). I need to put my feet up and relax whenever I can or my ability to complete my training schedule suffers. This is obviously not conducive to a big social life.

I am still able to get out to Christmas parties but I often have to watch how much I drink if I am training the next morning and I will not be the last one lighting up the dance floor as I need my sleep. I would certainly not recommend trying to do a part time learning course if training at this level as I think it would be too tiring. To me this level of commitment is significant and it definitely impacts on your home life in a big way. This attempt to qualify for Kona will be an all or nothing shot. I do not intend to train at this level year in year out until I qualify. I will have a go and then probably drop back into a level 2 sort of training. I do not want to give up on Triathlon completely as it is great fun and racing is a real buzz.

4. The final level of triathlete is your pro or elite amateur who has a job which does not take up much of their time. I do not know a lot about this level and I do not think I ever will as I am too old to think about a career in Triathlon not to mention how difficult it must be to make a living when prize money is so little. Perhaps if I won the lottery I would consider training 30+ plus hours a week.

That is my take on what it takes to train for Triathlon. The longer the event the longer your training has to be and when you decide to take it more seriously you must allow yourself more time for quality recovery. Last week I didn't stick to my zones and probably overdid it slightly which resulted in my right calf seizing up a little. Holden added a little more rest to the program and this week I am fine. There is clearly a fine line between induced fartigue to improve performance and over-training.

There are obviously plenty of other points of view and I hear many athletes who work full time still manage to put in 20-30 hours of training a week but that cannot be easy and they must be very dedicated. I would definitely recommend to any one interested in the sport that they have a go at a sprint triathlon, some of them are very short e.g. 500m swim in a pool, 10km bike, 3-5 run and are great fun.

Saturday, December 15, 2007

Training Zones - TR**


In previous posts I have mentioned endurance zones, lactate threshold and base phase without really bothering to explain what these terms mean. For the benefit of anyone who is looking at starting to train in this way I thought I would explain what I have learned so far about heart rate training zones and how they are applied. For the really techy I will include my heart rate zones from the beginning of the season, based on a V02 max test, with my heart rate zones taken at the end of the season using a blood lactate threshold test, a bike time trial and a run time trial.

So what are the heart rate training zones? Certain training systems define heart rate zones differently but in broad terms they all follow the same principle. My heart rate zones from a VO2 max test with Ken Mierke at fitness concepts (3 Apr 07) were:

Zone 1 Active Recovery 132-142
Zone 2 Aerobic Threshold 143-150
Zone 3 Tempo Training 151-164
Zone 4 Lactate Threshold 165-173
Zone 5a Super-threshold Training 174-177
Zone 5b Aerobic Capacity Training 178-182
Zone 5c Anaerobic Capacity Training 183+

My new training zones according to my latest (20 Oct 07) Blood Lactate Threshold testing by Cadence are (figures in brackets are from cycle/run field tests):

Zone 1 Recovery <115 color (<116/<115)
Zone 2 Endurance 117-139 (117-140/117-140)
Zone 3 Sub Lactate Threshold 140-161 (141-162/141-161)
Zone 4a Lactate Threshold 162-167 (163-168/163-168)
Zone 4b Super Lactate Threshold 169-177 (173-179/169-178)
Zone 5 VO2 Max 179 (180/179)
Zone 6 Sub-maximal n/a
Zone 7 Maximal n/a

N.B. The Field Tests gave remarkably similar results to the blood lactate test. It is also worth noting that Cadence put my endurance zone much lower than my VO2 max test earlier in the year but my lactate threshold is pretty similar. You can do field tests on your own with a stop watch for further guidance see a good book such as Joe Friel's 'The Triathlete's Training Bible'.

Once you know your heart rate zones you can use a heart rate monitor to target your training e.g. if I keep my heart rate between 117 and 139 I know that I will be in my endurance zone. This is where you spend most of your base miles during the build phase of your training program. In this zone you are training your slow twitch muscles and teaching your body to rely on fat for fuel rather than carbohydrates (fat will last a longer than your carbohydrate stocks).

When you want to do speed work you will often spend time training around your lactate threshold so that your body can become more efficient at speed without getting to the stage where you are creating more lactic acid than your body can recycle.

The zones are also very useful in a race. As you race more often you know what zone you need to maintain at certain race distance in order to finish in the best time. Apparently overtime you come to recognize how your body is doing without the use of a heart rate monitor but for beginners/intermediates I think a heart rate monitor is a useful training tool.

If you do not want to payout for a heart rate monitor you can judge your training purely on perceived effort (PE) and achieve similar results. If maximum effort for you is 10 and no effort is 0 then the following PE relate to each zone:

Zone 1 PE <3
Zone 2 PE 4-5
Zone 3 PE 6
Zone 4a PE 7-7.5
Zone 4b PE 8
Zone 5 PE 9
Zone 6 PE 9.5
Zone 7 PE 10

N.B. a good rule of thumb for exercising in Zone 2 (PE4-5) is that you can hold a conversation, 7-8 words without having to take a breath, whilst training.

The trick is to make sure that you stick to your endurance zone when doing your base training as it is so easy to get sucked into going quicker which can prevent you from getting in the necessary volume.

As you move into TR*** territory you may well start using other tools to train. Probably the best indication of training intensity is a power meter. By measuring the power you are producing on the bike you know what intensity you are training at. The advantage of power meters are that they are not affected by environmental factors such as wind and heat (on hot days you will find your heart rate monitor reading higher than normal).

I know from my field test on the bike that my 20min avg power is 258 watts (estimated LT power of 245) and as I get fitter I will try and push these numbers up. Another useful figure when it comes to performance is your power to weight ratio. If you look at the Tour de France cyclists they weigh less than a full water bottle but can put down phenomenal power which is why they are so bloody fast. My power to weight ratio was 3.12 watts/kg and I am looking forward to seeing this improve over time (a top pro cyclist will be up around the 7watts/kg mark).

My first season went pretty well and I believe that this was in large part due to finding TeamZ and following a good periodized program which was not too taxing. I used a heart rate monitor all year and it seemed to work for me but having gone on and on about HR zones it is worth bearing in mind that I recently heard an interview with Chrissy Wellington (the Brit who won the Ironman Worldchampionships at her first try) and she has never trained with a heart rate monitor – so there you go.

P.S. please remember that I am not a coach and I am just sharing what I have learned. There is loads of good info on line but I would always encourage newbies to join a local team where you will find a wealth of knowledge to tap.

Sunday, December 2, 2007

End of the first Base Phase.

Most endurance athletes will be familiar with the principle of periodization. For the uninitiated the idea is that the athlete goes through several different periods of training. You start with general preparation in the base phase, moving onto more specific preparation in the build phase before reaching your peak phase just prior to your key race.

I am in the base or general preparation phase. The base phase makes up the majority of your annual training for example in my training plan in the run up to Lake Placid out of the 36 weeks of training 20 of those weeks are devoted to base training and 14 weeks are for build training.

The base phase revolves around long steady training sessions designed to give you a good base level of fitness long before you get to race season. As I understand it this base is even more important for those racing long distances such as Ironman. Therefore what I do now can make a big difference to how I perform at Lake Placid.

I completed the first base phase a couple of hours ago when I finished a cold 2 hour recovery ride. This 4 week base cycle consisted of 3 weeks of endurance training followed by 1 week recovery. This ratio is different to my first season where I did 3 week base cycles; 2 weeks of endurance training before a recovery week. This new 3:1 ratio is obviously harder work but should allow me to benefit from a stronger base come race season.

A typical weeks training at the moment for me (built around 15 hours of training time):

Mon; 50min run at endurance pace (equates to a perceived effort of 4-5 out of 10).
Tue; AM an endurance swim totaling 2.5 - 3km; PM endurance cycle 1.5 hours.
Wed; 20min recovery run followed by 30mins each of lower and upper body strength training.
Thu; AM 30min recovery run; PM Swim 2-2.5km (more drills and speed work).
Fri; Rest day.
Sat; AM endurance ride 2 hours, PM 30min Yoga (X Train) 20 min abs, Endurance Run 1hour plus.
Sun; Endurance ride 3 hours.

A recovery week has similar workouts but they are much shorter and at a lower intensity.

Having reached the end of the first base phase I am feeling pretty tired. The volume of training has gone up 20-30% from what I am used to. It also doesn't help moving house during your recovery week. I had forgotten how much work is involved in moving and after a couple of days of lifting boxes I felt like I had gone ten rounds with Mike Tyson.

The Base phase can be a bit laborious and as triathlon season in this part of the world starts in spring and finishes in the autumn base building must happen during the coldest part of the year. That being said it can be great going for a long ride on a crisp winter’s day when the roads are quiet and the air is clear as long as you get your dressing right.



I am also benefiting from the 20 min recovery runs after my long rides. I had never done this before but it does really help your legs to recover after a long time in the saddle. I have also tried Palates and Yoga for the first time. So far this has been limited to doing it alone in front of the TV using a DVD but I am hoping to build up the courage to go to the local gym and do a class there. I realize just how inflexible I am at the moment and I am looking forward to getting back some flexibility. By the way if anyone thinks Yoga is easy in my limited experience so far it is not, some of the poses are really hard work.

I miss the thrill of racing and cannot wait for next season to start but in the meantime 1 base phase down 5 to go :-)

P.S. My teammates are beginning to rib me over all the equipment I have been given. This morning before the group ride I had a flat, as I changed my tyre in the cold some bright spark yelled out "don't you have a man to do that for you?"